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Fribourg / Freiburg canton (Switerland)

Last modified: 2013-07-24 by rob raeside
Keywords: switzerland | freiburg | fribourg | canton |
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[Flag of Fribourg/Freiburg] image by António Martins
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Description of the flag

 Per fess sable and argent.
Divided horizontally into equal parts black over white.
T.F. Mills, 19 October 1997

Symbolism of the flag

 There is no definite understanding of the symbolism of Fribourg's flag, but there are several theories. One, and certainly the most interesting legend, has it that Duke Berchtold IV of Zahringia, founder of the city, spent a night in a charcoal burner's hut after being separated from his hunting party. He slept on sacks of charcoal and flour, and emerged in the morning all soiled black and white. He was thus inspired to grant his new town a black and white flag. Another claims that the black represents the rich cultivated earth, while the white is the water surrounding the city (Sarine River). A third holds that black represents the clergy which was dominant there, as in their black vestments, representing piety, devotion, and self-denial.
T.F. Mills, 19 October 1997

The [legend about the duke sleeping on bags of charcoal and flour] is by far the most commonly advanced explanation, although it is most likely of mythological origin. The theory that it represents vestments of the clergy is the least probable since the domination of Catholic clergy has only started much later than the adoption of the flag by the city itself. It is a classic historical post-dating operation from the Kulturkampf-era when anti-Catholic sentiment was fierce in Switzerland's mainstream culture. The second hypothesis is the most colloquial, if you will. In other words: it may mean much or nothing at all - I have neither seen a reliable source for the first nor for the this suggestion. The "charcoal and flour"-legend is however widely proposed by the historical literature as an anecdotal explanation for the Fribourg-Freiburg flag.
Bernhard Altermatt, 13 February 2008

History of the flag

 The city of Fribourg was founded in 1157. The battle flag may have been adopted as early as 1225, but the earliest documented evidence of it is in 1410. (Since the city-state was waging war in the early 13th century, it had to have a war flag.) Until 1831 the city-state carried two shields, one identical to the flag, and the other featuring a white castle on a blue field. It is fairly certain the castle device never figured on a flag. Fribourg became a sovereign state in 1477, and was one of two admitted to the Swiss Confederation by the Covenant of Stans in 1481.
T.F. Mills, 19 October 1997

Variations of the flag

 [Flag of Fribourg] image by Ole Andersen

Rectangular cantonal flag, as shown in Kannik (1956).
Ole Andersen, 4 August 2002

Flaggen, Knatterfahnen and Livery Colours
 

[Knatterfahnen]

  [Knatterfahnen]  

[livery colours]

 images by Pascal Gross

Flaggen are vertically hoisted from a crossbar in the manner of gonfanon, in ratio of about 2:9, with a swallowtail that indents about 2 units. The chief, or hoist (square part) usually incorporates the design from the coat of arms - not from the flag. The fly part is always divided lengthwise, usually in a bicolour, triband or tricolour pattern (except Schwyz which is monocolour, and Glarus which has four stripes of unequal width). The colours chosen for the fly end are usually the main colours of the coat of arms, but the choice is not always straight forward.

Knatterfahnen are similar to Flaggen, but hoisted from the long side and have no swallow tail. They normally show the national, cantonal or communal flag in their chiefs.

Željko Heimer, 16 July 2000